Comparative biological informatics of visual cell signal transduction.

Systems biological analyses of intracellular signal transduction

Comparative Genomics of Microbial Signal Transduction

Transmembrane chemoreceptors in Escherichia coli utilize ligand-binding domains for detecting various external signals. The structure of this domain in the E. coli aspartate receptor, Tar, is known and its signal transduction mechanism is under investigation. Current domain models for this important sensory module are inaccurate and therefore cannot reveal the distribution of this domain within...

Guard Cell Signal Transduction.

Guard cells surround stomatal pores in the epidermis of plant leaves and stems. Stomatal pore opening is essential for CO2 influx into leaves for photosynthetic carbon fixation. In exchange, plants lose over 95% of their water via transpiration to the atmosphere. Signal transduction mechanisms in guard cells integrate hormonal stimuli, light signals, water status, CO2, temperature, and other en...

Organic Synthesis and Biological Signal Transduction

Signal transduction and biological functions of bone morphogenetic proteins.

Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are multi-functional growth factors and belong to the transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta) superfamily. The roles of BMPs in embryonic development and cellular functions in postnatal animals have been extensively studied in recent years. Signal transduction studies have revealed that Smad1 and 5 are the immediate downstream molecules of BMP receptor and p...